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Amoeba Sisters Video Recap of Meiosis Questions
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The Answer Key for Amoeba Sisters Video Recap of Meiosis
According to the StuDocu site, here are the questions and answer key for Amoeba Sisters Video Recap of Meiosis.
- The purpose of meiosis is to make gametes, also known as sperm and egg cells. In humans, your body cells have 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in a sperm or egg cell if, when they come together to form a fertilized zygote, there are 46 chromosomes? Write the correct number of chromosomes next to the sperm and egg.
Answer: 23 - Interphase must occur once before meiosis can happen. (Same thing for mitosis). What would happen if interphase didn’t occur first?
Answer: The cell would not grow. - A cell that begins meiosis has 23chromosomes inherited from the mother (shown in green in the cartoon below) and 23 chromosomes inherited from the father (shown in blue in the cartoon below). In the process of meiosis, chromosomes begin to match up in homologous pairs. How would you know if two chromosomes were homologous?
Answer: They would be very similar in shape and size. - Crossing over is a very important event in Prophase I of meiosis! What happens during crossing over and what is the significance?
Answer: Segments of chromosomes are exchanged this is significant because this creates variation of traits in parent genes. - Meiosis does PMAT twice! That means there is a prophase I and a prophase II. There is a metaphase I and a metaphase II. Etc… If the cartoon below has chromosomes in the middle of the cell, how would you know whether it was in metaphase I or metaphase II?
Answer: In metaphase 1, chromosomes are lined up with homologous pairs and with metaphase 2 chromosomes are lined up in the middle of the cell. - Meiosis does not always occur without any difficulties. Describe what occurs during nondisjunction and the effect on the resulting cells.
Answer: Chromosomes might not separate correctly and this can cause genetic recombination.
Can you finish the meiosis chain? Write the correct stage that comes next in each circle. Don’t forget the number that comes after the stage name! Then write any details about what this stage looks like next to it.
Answer:
About Meiosis According to Amoeba Sisters Video
If you access Amoeba Sisters YouTube channel, you will find a video entitled Meiosis (Updated) which was uploaded on July 12th, 2017. Until now, this video has been watched more than 6 million times. The duration of the video is 7 minutes 43 seconds. And here is the explanation on the video.
Have you ever wondered how two siblings can have the same mom and dad and still look so different? Well, today we are going to talk about a process that makes that possible – a process called meiosis – not to be confused with mitosis, which sounds unfortunately similar. Mitosis makes identical body cells like your skin cells and stomach cells. Recall from our mitosis clip that since it makes identical body cells, mitosis is important for growth and for repair of damage to replace worn out cells. But, not meiosis. Meiosis is a process that contributes to genetic variety. Meiosis also doesn’t make body cells. It makes sperm and egg cells; otherwise known as gametes, the fancier word.
You might recall that humans have 46 chromosomes. That’s how many chromosomes most body cells in your body have. But there are some human cells that don’t have 46 chromosomes. Human sperm cells and egg cells have 23 chromosomes. Why the number difference? If a sperm cell has 23 chromosomes and an egg cell has 23 chromosomes, when they come together that makes 46 chromosomes. That will allow a newly formed fertilized egg to develop into a human. Meiosis is what we call a reduction division because you have a starting cell that has 46 chromosomes and your ending cells – the sperm and egg cells – have only 23 chromosomes.
Before we start getting into the stages of meiosis to make gametes, we have to remember what happens before meiosis can start. Actually, this also happens before mitosis. It’s the stage known as interphase. If you remember interphase, it’s when the cell is growing, it’s replicating its DNA, it’s carrying out cell processes. Just like mitosis, interphase happens before meiosis is going to start.
So, the starting cell has 46 chromosomes, and you have to duplicate those chromosomes in interphase before meiosis starts. That basically means you are duplicating your DNA, since chromosomes are made of DNA and protein.
Because we tend to count chromosomes by the number of centromeres present, when the 46 chromosomes duplicate, we still say there are 46 chromosomes because the sister chromatids are still attached and we are counting by centromeres. So, 46 chromosomes here, they replicate in interphase, and you still have 46 chromosomes in the picture. But you went from 46 to 92 chromatids.
You might remember the mitosis stages PMAT; the ‘p’ was for prophase, the ‘m’ was for metaphase, the ‘a’ for anaphase and the ‘t’ for telophase. The good news is that in meiosis, you still use those terms, but because meiosis is actually a reduction division you are going from 46 chromosomes to 23 which means you actually divide twice. So, instead of mitosis where you divide one time and do PMAT one time, in meiosis, you are going to divide twice and therefore do PMAT twice.
If you want to know more about Meiosis in the video, you are able to access YouTube and watch this video where the title has been mentioned earlier.
